It was referred to as "static understanding" and its purpose was to graphically recreate the "mental phenomenon" experienced by the client.
The scientific discipline of psychopathology was founded by Karl Jaspers in 1913. Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau introduced the notion that trauma in childhood could have negative implications later in adulthood. In the eighteenth century's Romantic Movement, the idea that healthy parent-child relationships provided sanity became a prominent idea. It was later challenged by Laing (1960) along with Laing and Esterson (1964) who noted that it was the family environment that led to the formation of adaptive strategies. This philosophical idea would remain in perspective until the seventeenth century. Any imbalance brought to these compositions of the individual could bring distress or lack of harmony within the individual. This later became the basis of the chemical imbalance theory used widely within the present.įurthermore, not far from Hippocrates, the philosopher Plato would come to argue the mind, body, and spirit worked as a unit. He identified these fluids to be four in particular: blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Hippocrates suspected that these states of insanity were due to imbalances of fluids in the body. He firmly believed the symptoms of mental disorders were due to diseases originating in the brain. The Greek physician Hippocrates was one of the first to reject the idea that mental disorders were caused by possession of demons or the devil. Religious practitioners used this technique in hoping to bring their patients back to sanity but increasingly there was the shift to the great confinement. Individuals who had these so-called "possessions" were tortured as treatment or as Foucault outlines in the History of Madness: viewed as seers (Joan of Arc). This idea was widely accepted up until the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Psychological conditions that are now classified as mental disorders were initially attributed to possessions by evil spirits, demons, and the devil. This concept is linked to the philosophical ideas first outlined by Galton (1869) and is linked to the appliance of eugenical ideations around what constitutes the human.Įarly explanations for mental illnesses were influenced by religious belief and superstition. Animal psychopathology is a specialisation applied to non-human animals. Child psychopathology is a specialisation applied to children and adolescents. Psychopathology is the study of abnormal cognition, behaviour, and experiences which differs according to social norms and rests upon a number of constructs that are deemed to be the social norm at any particular era.īiological psychopathology is the study of the biological etiology of abnormal cognitions, behaviour and experiences.
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